We continue going through the Pesukim of Perek Shira, and today is the song of the vine, the grapevine that produces wine. It's a pasuk in Yeshaya 65,8:
כֹּ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהֹוָ֗ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר יִמָּצֵ֤א הַתִּירוֹשׁ֙ בָּֽאֶשְׁכּ֔וֹל וְאָמַר֙ אַל־תַּשְׁחִיתֵ֔הוּ כִּ֥י בְרָכָ֖ה בּ֑וֹ כֵּ֤ן אֶֽעֱשֶׂה֙ לְמַ֣עַן עֲבָדַ֔י לְבִלְתִּ֖י הַֽשְׁחִ֥ית
/So said Hashem, Just like when you find that there's some wine in the grape cluster, you don't destroy the grapes, because there is blessing inside the grapes. So too, God says, I will do for my servants, and not to destroy them at all.
This pasuk is using the grape with wine inside as a mashal for God watching over the Jewish people.
The Targum Yonatan on this pasuk says it refers to Noach. Noach was in the Dor HaMabul/Generation of the Flood but God did not destroy him because of the wine that was inside of him, referring to the future generations that would come out of him.
The Radak says that we are talking to the Bnei HaGalut/The children of exile. That's us. Don't give up hope. Don't despair from the redemption, because even though it's a long exile and we're suffering, we will get out and we will come back. This is compared to the grape and the wine inside of it, in that just like we don't want to destroy the grapes or the wine inside them, even though it might have some peels, pits that have no berachah, because we still have wine inside, so too, even though there might be sinners among the Jewish people, there are Sadikim, righteous people, and therefore they will be saved.
The Yaavetz, in his commentary on Avot perek ה Mishna ב, talks about the ten generations from Adam until Noach and from Noach until Abraham, and says that the reason God left them wasn't because He forgot them or ignored their sins, but rather because Hashem has Erech Apayim/patience and He waits for the Resha'im. Firstly, because they may do teshuva, and secondly, because they might have righteous children that come out of them. That is why Hashem waited the ten generations from Adam until Noach- for Noach. And He waited ten generations from Noach till Abraham- for Abraham.
That's what the Navi means in the story of the grapes- that Hashem, because He loves the wine, keeps the grapes around. God does not destroy the world because of the wicked. But he sees into the future what is going to come out of them. That is how Hashem works.
This shows up as well in the case of Moshe Rabbenu. When it was time to kill the Mitzri, it says He saw there was no person, and Rashi explains that it doesn't mean there was nobody watching, but rather, no one would come out of him in the future. This is a Middah of Hashem- Erech Apayim-, which we can think of every time we eat a grape. We're not talking about the best grape. Imagine a soft grape, that's not the greatest tasting grape. We should think, "I can take this grape and make wine." So too, even the people that currently might look like they're wicked, wine be created from them, which means the future generation.
To recap, there are two approaches to this pasuk- One is that the current world has a mixture of righteous and wicked people. And God doesn't destroy the world because of the righteous that are there- like the wine in the grape. The second approach is that we're looking at the individual. We see an individual that might seem like a mushy grape, but he has wine inside of him, referring to the future generations that are going to come from him.
That's our pasuk of the grapevine-
כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר יִמָּצֵ֤א הַתִּירוֹשׁ֙ בָּֽאֶשְׁכּ֔וֹל וְאָמַר֙ אַל־תַּשְׁחִיתֵ֔הוּ כִּ֥י בְרָכָ֖ה בּ֑וֹ כֵּ֤ן אֶֽעֱשֶׂה֙ לְמַ֣עַן עֲבָדַ֔י לְבִלְתִּ֖י הַֽשְׁחִ֥ית
Just like we find wine in the grape and we say, Don't destroy it because there's blessing inside of it (which is the source that you can't destroy food that still has in it a beracha)
כֵּ֤ן אֶֽעֱשֶׂה֙ לְמַ֣עַן עֲבָדַ֔י לְבִלְתִּ֖י הַֽשְׁחִ֥ית
So too, I do for my servants, not to destroy them entirely.