We saw that even if you have a fruit that comes from a tree, depending on the quality of the fruit or the hezek (damage) that could come from it, usually it is Borei peri ha'etz (Who creates the fruit of the tree), but if it is the seeds, etc. Somebody sent me research about the apple seeds I was talking about. He says that apple seeds actually are not healthy. It is a big problem. They contain something. Maybe because of that, we would say no beracha (blessing). Maybe it was just an example like this, but if something could be damaging, then usually we do not say a beracha at all. That was a side point.
But lema'aseh (in practice), Ben Ish Chai talks about something that exists today. He does not talk exactly about our case, but our case would be orange peel. Normally, human beings do not eat it, but sometimes they put it in sugar for a very long time, etc. So they transform something that is not food into food. But really, it is not food. It is a peel. It should go in the garbage. So the question is: what beracha would you say on this? The Ben Ish Chai asks about a similar case, klipat etrogim (peel of etrog), the peel of etrog. He says, clearly, the Ben Ish Chai is giving all the options here. Missed one. And nothing. Because maybe it is not considered food. But the fact that they put it in sugar and it becomes edible means that here they consider this to have a safek (doubt), at least as to what the beracha would be.
But what the chiddush (novel insight) shares is that many Acharonim (later authorities) discuss: maybe the etrog is different from the orange peel. Because the etrog, the ikar (main part) of the peri, is the peel, or the white part. There are two peels in the etrog. If you ever open the etrog, you would see the pulp is very, very thin. Then you have the white, and then the yellow, the green peel. It could be that it is not so clear which peel we are talking about. But over there, in the etrog, the ikar of the peri is the peel. It is not the actual peri. So you cannot compare it with an orange, because for everybody, the ikar of an orange or a lemon is clearly the inside. Then the klipa is not the peri at all. Just to make a long story short, the final psak (halachic ruling) on this is that somebody who buys this sugared orange peel with chocolate: the beracha would be Shehakol (Who creates everything), the beracha would not be Borei peri ha'etz, because this is not considered part of the peri.