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A Yissachar / Zebulun Partnership in Loving Memory of Yishak ben Simcha A"H & Felicia bat Miriam A"H
Rabbi Joseph Dana

Torah Lecture

Mishnah Avot 4-18

Lectured by Rabbi Joseph Dana

Published
June 18, 2025
Duration
4:29
Lecture code
RJD-MAVOT-4-18

This transcript was auto-generated and polished for readability. While we aim for accuracy, errors may occur. If you notice a mistake, please click to submit corrections.

If you hurt somebody, if you offended somebody, and you're looking for an apology, Moshe was told, “My face will go, and I will give you rest.” Wait until my face goes. Secondly, when that relative passes away—in other words, right when the relative passes away—you shouldn't go and try to comfort them right then. Wait until things cool down a little bit. Thirdly, what he has to do is go to that person and say, “And the following circumstance?” And lastly, you should have a little bit of feeling for them. Hashem saw the new knowledge that they had. Hashem waited. Don't try to pacify your friend while they're angry.

When Moshe came to appease Hashem, he said—the Gemara understands this to mean that Hashem was telling Moshe Rabbeinu, “In other words, wait until my anger passes; then I will give you rest, and then I will accept the Teshuvah (repentance) of the Jewish people.” Don't try to comfort somebody when a relative has passed away and is before them, before the time of the funeral. What it's trying to tell us is that he felt terrible about the destruction of the Beit HaMikdash. Don't question him about a possible opening: when you took the swear on in the first place? That's called an opening. When somebody commits an aveirah (sin), you shouldn't look at their downfall as something that would have embarrassed them, in order to make them more embarrassed. You shouldn't try to make peace with that individual until they cool down from their anger, because they still have sadness in their eyes.

At the destruction of the Beit HaMikdash, right when I'm going through the Churban (destruction), in order for a rabbi to nullify a vow... So when someone takes upon themselves a neder (vow), when they want to nullify it, that they deserve, by the fact that they didn't have any clothes on. He waited a moment. If you approach them to talk at that time, while they're in that state of mind, they're going to feel that you're not really empathizing with them. Hashem told them that it is an opportunity for a rabbi to ask about the circumstances surrounding the vow, including anything they are ashamed about.

We can see this from how Hashem dealt with Adam. He waited to confront them. When they're emotional, trying to pacify them at that moment is only going to cause more problems. You don't really understand their pain. “Don't insist on comforting me.” In other words, they come up with a situation. Because if you do that at that time, don't be around them. When they committed the sin of eating, they wore the clothing that was made for them. They're going to lash out; they're going to be upset. You're not feeling their pain. It's not the time that he found a petach (opening). If only he knew this fact. Quote-unquote, you should give them privacy and respect, and don't really make them feel worse by looking at them, until they made Chagorot (aprons).

Nothing is going to help when a person is not thinking rationally. If you try to comfort somebody during this time—after the Beit HaMikdash, to try to comfort me, to do hatarat nedarim (nullification of vows)—you shouldn't go and say something that piles on and continues to embarrass them when they want to open up the swear.

So what did Hashem do? But not in the middle of their downfall. We learned this from when the Jewish people sinned by the golden calf. We learned this as well from the story in Yeshayahu, and the Malachim, the angels. When somebody makes a swear, that's called a petach. They're not going to be able to utilize that petach. You shouldn't go near them. We learned this from the Etz HaDa'at Tov VaRa (tree of knowledge), and then, once they wore those Chagorot, you're not going to do anything for them whatsoever. And therefore, all expressions of condolences should be pushed off.

Tried to go comfort Hashem. They have to hold to that swear, and the person says they're not going to be able to use it when they do something they're embarrassed about, when they ate from the tree of knowledge. Then Hashem confronted them and discussed it with them, hopefully to lessen the embarrassment. Hashem told Moshe Rabbeinu that Hashem was in mourning as well. At the time that he takes a neder, at the time of a swear: “Is it possible that you didn't think of the following circumstance? Oh, what about the following situation?” Don't try and see somebody at the time of their failure. And Chava, until He made aprons for them...