Here we'll talk about a kometz (the handful) or a Mincha (meal offering) that's missing an ingredient or part of an ingredient. Mishnah says: The kometz is essential too. Even the small part is essential to the large part. In other words, if even a small part of the kometz is missing, it cannot be burned on the Mizbeach (altar).
The isaron of flour, which is the minimum amount of flour that could be used for korban (offering) Mincha, is an asirit ha'efah; it's a tenth of an ephah (biblical dry measure). If even a small part of that is missing, that means if it's at all less than an isaron, then it cannot be offered. The minimum is an isaron.
When it comes to nesachim (the wine), if even a small amount of wine is missing, then it's not allowed to be poured whatsoever on the Mizbeach. The smaller part of the oil is needed in the Mincha, and it's essential to the larger part. In other words, if even a small amount of shemen, of oil, is missing, then the Mincha is not valid.
If we have a korban Mincha that requires both the fine flour, the shemen, and the oil, then if both of them are not offered, the offering is not valid. The kometz and the levonah (frankincense), and the Mincha, if the korban obligates both of them, then they're both considered to be essential, and a Mincha that's lacking even one of them is not valid.