This perek (chapter) is going to talk about which korban (offering) is brought first when there are multiple korbanot (offerings) being brought. We’ll have several different rules brought in the perek. We’ll start off with the first one in the first Mishnah. The Mishnah says: whichever korban is more common. Then the other one goes first. Whichever one is more frequently brought, we bring that one first, following the rule that whatever is commonly brought goes before any other korban. Therefore, the daily tamid offerings go before the musaf offerings (additional offerings). The musaf offerings are only brought on holidays or Shabbatot (Sabbaths), while the korban tamid is brought every single day. So if you have a day that falls out where there’s a korban musaf (additional offering) and then a normal day where korban tamid is brought, korban tamid goes before any of them.
Musafei Shabbat (additional Shabbat offerings), the Shabbat musaf offering which is brought every single week on Shabbat, comes before the Rosh Chodesh musaf offering, which is brought every month, because Shabbat is more common than Rosh Chodesh. So therefore, if you have a Shabbat and Rosh Chodesh, the Shabbat musaf goes before the Rosh Chodesh musaf. The Rosh Chodesh musaf offering is brought before the Rosh Hashanah offering, which is only brought every single year. What we end up with is, let’s say Rosh Hashanah falls out on a Shabbat: you end up bringing the korban tamid first, which is brought every single day. Then you bring the musaf of Shabbat because that’s weekly, and then you bring the musaf of Rosh Chodesh because it’s every month. Rosh Hashanah automatically is Rosh Chodesh, obviously, and then you bring the last korban musaf, which is the musaf of Rosh Hashanah.
How do we know this? Shene’emar (as it is said), as the pasuk (verse) tells us: “Milvad olat ha-boker asher le'olat hatamid ta'asu et eleh.” Aside from the morning korban olah (burnt offering), which is the tamid olah offering, you bring the musaf offerings of Pesach. We learn out from here. The extra words are being used: “Milvad olat ha-boker.” We already know that “olat ha-boker” is the korban tamid, so why does it continue to say, “asher le'olat hatamid,” which is the tamid olah offering? We know that already. So what’s the point in saying that?
Therefore, we understand that the Torah is trying to tell us why the morning olah offering is brought first before the musaf offering: because it’s tamid, because it’s frequent, because it happens more often. That’s why the korban tamid goes before the korban musaf, and so on and so forth. We learn out that rule of how korban olah is brought and which preference...